Optionally, the detection means of the fuse detect circuit is arranged to detect a current signal waveform. NIDEC CONTROL TECHNIQUES LIMITED, UNITED KINGDOM, Free format text: "toggle": { Find your earth-fault detector easily amongst the 14 products from the leading brands (MEGGER, PCE Instruments, TEC AUTOMATISMES, ...) on DirectIndustry, the industry specialist for your professional purchases. A ground fault detection system comprising: wherein a PV array is the monitored circuit; and an inverter of the PV array is arranged to be disabled in response to detecting the fuse break indicative of a ground fault condition. "description": false, "margin-bottom": "0px" line to ground, Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults, Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions, Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers, Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers, Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. Accordingly, there is a need for a UL1741 compliant, high voltage tolerant GFDI system. 2, (electron) current flow will be shared between the cable and the ground fault path as two resistances in parallel (as would be understood by the skilled person). This eliminates the possibility of circulating neutral currents and allows … The AFE3010 is a precision, low-power, Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) controller used for detecting ground fault leakage paths in electrical circuits. } MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES, Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere, Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections, GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER, EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS, Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection, Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass, GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRA-RED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. }, "padding-right": "20px", }, Multiple layers are necessary to ensure the cybersecurity of substations. A ground fault indication is made and the inverter associated with the PV system is disabled at this time so that the ground fault can be rectified as soon as possible. In brief, if the phase, neutral and earth connections are proper, both the red and green LEDs light up. (function () { According to a second aspect there is provided a method of detecting a ground fault as defined in claim 14. } This application claims the benefit and priority of Great Britain Patent Application No. Trying to detect the same fault condition in a DC circuit with a floating ground is not as easy. }, The system comprising a ground fault detect circuit wherein a PV array is the monitored circuit and an inverter of the PV array is arranged to be disabled in response to detecting the fuse break indicative of a ground fault condition. The voltage monitors may also be connected in a fail-safe arrangement. Earth connection is a must in domestic wiring to bleed current to the earth if the metal body of a device is accidentally touched with the phase line. }, The Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter is a safety device to prevent an electrical accident when any faulty tool is plugged in. Various standards limit this voltage drop in a branch circuit to 3 per cent (5 per cent total for feeder and branch … This circuit operates by monitoring the current flowing from the field wires to ground. Optionally, the second point is a DC connection. }, The monitoring could be achieved electrically, for example by monitoring an existing component in the switch-mode power supply) or in software, for example by monitoring a variable in a microprocessor that is arranged to control the switch-mode power supply. }, According to a first aspect there is provided a ground fault detection circuit as defined in claim 1 of the appended claims. "imgWithCarousel": false, dc/ac converters responsive to abnormalities in the input circuit, e.g. Optionally, the circuit is tolerant to voltages of 600V or more. ); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY. In this instance, the dc connection that the GFDI is connected to would be point 20 of the circuit to be monitored (for example a pv array) at the end of (positive) grounding cable 21 that is away from the circuit to be monitored as shown in FIG. Neutral-to-earth voltage as measured at the load for a single-phase circuit is a function of the load current and the impedance of the neutral wire. the alarm shall operate at least hourly until the fault is rectified. The grounding of the array, interruption of fault current, and indication that a ground fault has occurred (the indication of which is used to disable the inverter and alert a user) are achieved by a Ground Fault Detection and Interrupt circuit (GFDI). Hello, }, "button": true To avoid lethal shock, do not touch or troubleshoot the circuit when it is connected to mains power. } "products": { } var scriptURL = 'https://sdks.shopifycdn.com/buy-button/latest/buy-button-storefront.min.js'; D. Mohankumar. The pv array could alternatively be positively grounded with the GFDI circuit 14 being positioned between a positive ground connection and the positive terminal 19. script.src = scriptURL; However due to other US standards (e.g. Assignors: DAVIES, DYLAN WYN, TOWERS, MARK, Assigned to NIDEC CONTROL TECHNIQUES LIMITED. The input impedance of voltage monitor 47 is preferably as high as possible (for example hundreds of k ohms) to minimise power dissipation when the fuse has broken. cable, power line, Measuring resistance to earth, i.e. 1 to 5 where a PV array and associated inverter are monitored, the inverter may be disabled. Preferably, components of GFDI circuit 14 are chosen so that the voltage monitor can detect a voltage across the fuse at, for example less than 20V to reduce the hazard to personnel. A single side PCB for the earth fault indicator is shown in Fig. transients in the DC input, CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY, Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks, Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers, Dispersed generators the generators exploiting renewable energy, Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00, Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. } 4) may fail without a false healthy indication being given. Check out other circuits in the circuits section. or in Holmgreen circuit; Low pass filter for suppression of harmonics; Wide range of operation of the supply voltage (AC/DC) Presentation; Benefits; Contact Our Experts; ... MR-protection relays are used for more complex protective functions, such as earth fault directional detection, and also in cases where … Alternatively, the current measurement could comprise a current monitoring relay with an appropriate sensing range. Great resource for users, buyers & sellers of T&M solutions. script.onload = ShopifyBuyInit; Depending on the location of this fault, large ground currents may flow. Each voltage monitor is provided with a power supply 43 (+Vs, −Vs), for example a 24 v power supply. In response to detecting the breaking of the fuse, the GFDI circuit 14 is arranged to disable the monitored circuit and/or the inverter by way of output 16. This increase in voltage is determined by the voltage monitor to indicate a fuse break condition, which, in turn, is indicative of a ground fault current. Owner name: Diode D2 protects the green LED (LED1) from damage when the polarity changes. } AC modules, GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS, TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE, REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION, Energy generation through renewable energy sources, Power conversion systems, e.g. "margin-bottom": "50px" "modalProduct": { ShopifyBuyInit(); 1303207.3 filed Feb. 22, 2013 and Great Britain Patent Application No. "variantTitle": false, When a fault occurs, the characteristic values (such as impedance) of the machines may change from existing values to different values till the fault is cleared. It is particularly suitable for, but by no means limited to use with an inverter, for example an inverter associated with a grounded PV (photovoltaic) array. } else { 2. "styles": { Download PCB and component layout PDFs: click here. Beyond the meter, the wiring installation becomes the responsibility of the installer of the electrical system and the homeowner. The breaking of the fuse may be determined by detecting whether the voltage across the fuse exceeds a pre-determined threshold. "color": "#ffffff" The circuit is inserted between the rectifier stage and the DC bus capacitor as Figure 2 shows. "styles": { "cart": { The ground fault detection circuit of, 11. "quantity": false This tester can be used to check sockets periodically before connecting appliances like heater and electric iron. Ground differential. The capacitance of the faulty cable is measured from both ends of the cable either by means of ballistic galvanometer or by bridge method. Interruption of the fault current is typically achieved by disconnecting the original grounding point. ... a ground fault exists the GFL-1000 is the tool by which that fault can be located without the need to de-energize the live circuit. While the fuse remains intact, the voltage across the fuse is a low voltage, for example less than 1 volt (subject to the resistance of the fuse as would be understood by the skilled person). }, There is no additional power supply used to operate this circuit. "padding-left": "20px", FIG. "text": { The breaking of the fuse may also be detected by injecting a current into the fuse and monitoring for the injected current or a signal indicative thereof. "toggle": { 10. loadScript(); "max-width": "100%", "font-weight": "bold" "styles": { Also check the voltage difference across neutral and earth pins as per the test point table. Ground faults often start from a break in insulation or perhaps simply from excess condensation of water on motor windings during down time. 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The sensing current is of a level to prevent a significant alteration to the current at which the fuse will break for example preferably no more than 100 mA, or alternatively the sending current can be take into account when choosing a fuse. } "compareAt": { [CDATA[*/ The voltage drop in the cable 13 is then placed across the broken fuse which can be detected by GFDI circuit 14, and an indication can be provided to signify that a ground fault has occurred. These systems may either be positively grounded or negatively grounded at a single point. By the above embodiments, a GFDI can be provided using (listed) components that are lower rated than the maximum conditions in the circuit to be monitored. "@media (min-width: 601px)": { The control panel also detects and annunciates ground faults on any device connected to it. node: document.getElementById('product-component-fed23f822c9'), "buttonWithQuantity": false, 1 to 5 show and describe the GFDI circuit 14 positioned in relation to a negatively grounded circuit to be monitored. "font-weight": "bold" } else { The circuit can be housed in an adapter box with three pins (see Fig. 1 to 4. In an alternative embodiment, injected current 50 may comprise a signal waveform. The ground fault condition may be indicated on output 46 to warn personnel that there may be ‘normally grounded’ points of the array 12 that are no longer at ground potential i.e. var script = document.createElement('script'); Feel interested? Early detection of a ground fault problem can avoid catastrophic failure at the height of production. FIG. } } }, "max-width": "100%", }, When the earth connection is broken, the red LED2 glows but green LED1 does not. })(); Sensitive ground fault detection is obtained by using a relay which responds only to the zero-sequence current of the system. "styles": { "margin-left": "-20px" 1 to 3, when a ground fault occurs, ground fault current flows through the fuse 40. "styles": { }); 2 illustrates a negative ground fault; FIG. 1, the pv array is shown as being negatively grounded with the GFDI circuit 14 being positioned between a negative ground connection and the negative terminal 17. "variantTitle": false, disable at least a portion of the monitored circuit. The control panel has a ground fault detection circuit that, when enabled, detects ground faults on Terminals 1 to 9 and 11 to 32. This is a potentially dangerous situation therefore the ground fault current must be interrupted. Each voltage monitor comprises an output 46 on which an indication of a ground fault condition may be made. To test the circuit for proper functioning, check input supply at TP1 with respect to TP0. }); System Block Diagram 4 Shunt-Based Ground Fault Protection for Inverters Powered From 220-V AC TIDUA56A–August 2015–Revised August 2015 1. The detected signal could also be frequency filtered (e.g. Here the dc connection that the GFDI is connected to is point 15 of the circuit to be monitored (pv array 12) at the end of (negative) grounding cable 13 that is away from the circuit to be monitored. options: { "margin-left": "0px", There is a lot of confusion among students when it comes to projects. "color": "#ffffff" "max-width": "100%", To comply with UL1741 output 46 should also cause the inverter to stop which may be by way of output 16 from FIGS. "iconPath": { "@media (min-width: 601px)": { Current flows through the ground fault path 30 (and hence through the fuse 40) due to the potential across the PV array (in this embodiment between points 19 and 17). }, "font-weight": "bold" appId: '6', Fuse 40 is positioned in a similar manner to FIGS. } 1, the monitored circuit comprises a photovoltaic cell (PV) array 12 coupled to an inverter 10 by way of negative terminal 17 and positive terminal 19 for converting the DC voltage produced by the PV array to an AC voltage as would be understood by the skilled person. 3 illustrates a positive ground fault; FIG. } When the mains wiring is proper, a potential difference develops between the neutral (N) and earth (E) lines and transistor T1 turns on to light up the green LED (LED1). "img": false, "@media (min-width: 601px)": { "margin-bottom": "0px" "footer": { Optionally, the second point of the monitored circuit is a positive connection. Optionally, the fuse detect circuit comprises an isolated DC or AC source arranged to inject a current into-the fuse. This can be used to employ voltage monitors of a voltage tolerance that is less than the operating conditions of the circuit to be monitored. The circuit takes advantage of the voltage that appears across the earth and neutral terminals. 1 illustrates a ground fault detection system according to an embodiment; FIG. "buttonWithQuantity": true, Optionally, a fuse break indicative of a ground fault is detectable by detecting at least a pre-determined voltage across the fuse or a signal indicative of current passing through the fuse. var scriptURL = 'https://sdks.shopifycdn.com/buy-button/latest/buy-button-storefront.min.js'; A ground fault condition may be determined using either voltage or current detection means. }, 12. "color": "#ffffff", 3. The circuit takes advantage of the voltage that appears across the earth and neutral terminals. "color": "#000000" A method of detecting a ground fault comprising: detecting a break in a fuse indicative of a ground fault condition with a fuse detect circuit coupled in parallel with the fuse, the fuse detect circuit having detection means to detect a sensing current injected into the fuse from an isolated DC or AC source and that has passed through the fuse or a signal indicative thereof, the fuse and the fuse detect circuit arranged to be coupled between a reference point and a second point of a monitored circuit; and. } var client = ShopifyBuy.buildClient({ "toggle": { Optionally, detecting a fuse break indicative of a ground fault comprises detecting at least a pre-determined voltage across the fuse or a signal indicative of current passing through the fuse. script.src = scriptURL; "buttonWithQuantity": true, } apiKey: '9376eb61a9f55ce9a4b6ec35750efb8c', ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). "product": { Optionally, the fuse detect circuit further comprises detection means arranged to detect the current that was injected into the fuse and that has passed through the fuse or a signal indicative thereof. "font-size": "12px", Alternatively, the connection to the circuit to be monitored may be an intermediate point, such as a point in between two PV modules of array 12. /*]]>*/, Network Consists of Further Focused Websites (Channels). "background-color": "#ffffff" options: { if (window.ShopifyBuy.UI) { 5 illustrates a GFDI circuit according to an embodiment. The intermediate point may be a mid-voltage point of the array. This indicates that the earth connection is perfect. Based on this, the neutral-to-earth voltage limit for a single-phase 120V AC circuit is 3.6V AC and for a single-phase 230V AC circuit 6.6V AC. Please share your conatact details for discuss on project beacuse i have one project for you and i will pay you best as you want …, /**/, /*