How Facebook May Improve Your Health Bill Frist, M.D. Frist meets reporters Tuesday on Capitol Hill. Bill Frist I am a heart and lung transplant surgeon, former U. S. Senate Majority Leader, and host of the podcast “A Second Opinion, Rethinking American Health”. Dr. Bill Frist says it’s time for state leaders to act. As a transplant surgeon and as a legislator, Bill Frist has fought viruses. Investment Team. on LinkedIn • 8mo. LinkedIn; Instagram; Home/COVID-19/ Bill Frist Urges Gov. Apr 28th 2005. I wanted to let you know about what we’ve been up to. Mission driven. Student focused. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Bill’s connections and … Once Frist met and married her husband, she relocated to Bill’s home state of Tennessee where the couple created a second farm known as Old Town. (LinkedIn) Posted on April 13, 2020 by Bill Frist LinkedIn | As the COVID-19 pandemic surge peaks and we begin to think about reopening our economy, our policy makers should immediately address how to prepare for the next one, for it is inevitable that a next one will occur. Following this experience in Washington, he conducted Parkinson’s disease research in France as a Fulbright Senior Scholar. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Stephen’s connections and jobs at similar companies. He is founder and chairman of NashvilleHealth, a collaboration to improve the health of his hometown. | The State Collaborative on Reforming Education (SCORE) wants all Tennessee students to succeed in school, college, career, and life. Bill Haslam on Jan. 17, along with other dignitaries including Sen. Bob Corker and Sen. Lamar Alexander. on LinkedIn • 1y Disha Garg Associate. “As a surgeon, my world was built around fighting infections,” he says, “fighting viruses, fighting bacteria, fighting other microbes that might be attacking my patients.” Drill down -- its not being spent well. William Robert Frist was born in Nashville, Tennessee.His father, Thomas F. Frist, Jr., is a billionaire who served as the Chairman of the Hospital Corporation of America (HCA). Both served as majority leader of the U.S. Senate and are members of the National Council on Election Integrity. on LinkedIn • 2mo. Bill Frist is a physician, former Senate majority leader (R-Tenn.), senior fellow at the Bipartisan Policy Center, and a cochair of the center’s work on health innovation. Former Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist is urging the GOP to put country before party and protect special counsel Robert Mueller's investigation. View Bill First’s profile on LinkedIn, the world's largest professional community. Senator Bill Frist, MD, is a physician, businessman, and former Senator Majority Leader. AfPA is led by founding member David Charles, MD, Professor and Vice-Chair of Neurology at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. Frist grew up in Belle Meade on the west side of Nashville. Former senator Bill Frist and Tracy Roberts, left, attended the inauguration of Tennessee Gov. Bill Frist is a former Republican senator from Tennessee. Dennis Cook / AP. Bill Frist. Bill Wichterman is a non-lawyer Senior Advisor in Covington’s Public Policy practice. View Bill Wilkins’ profile on LinkedIn, the world’s largest professional community. Bill has 1 job listed on their profile. First Read: A tough fall for Elizabeth Dole? Comments. View Bill Frist, M.D.’s profile on LinkedIn, the world’s largest professional community. Bill Haslam on Jan. 17 along with other dignitaries including Sens. Ryan Moseley Principal. Support our journalism. on LinkedIn • 1w. There are 20+ professionals named "Bill Leftwich", who use LinkedIn to exchange information, ideas, and opportunities. Hay 100+ profesionales con el nombre de «Bill Adamson» que usan LinkedIn para intercambiar información, ideas y … Bill Frist, M.D. Bill Haslam on Jan. 17 along with other dignitaries including Sens. He holds Baker’s seat, and is only the latest of a series of national figures from the Volunteer State to serve in the Senate, a roster that includes former Vice President Al Gore and former GOP Majority Leader Bill Frist. December 3rd is a historic day in modern medical history – this year marked the 50th anniversary of the world’s first heart transplant. Last year, Judd Gregg and others led an effort to hire 1,500 new border patrol agents and build 1,800 new detention beds. View Stephen Frist MD’S profile on LinkedIn, the world’s largest professional community. Both served as majority leader of the U.S. Senate and are members of the National Council on Election Integrity. SCORE drives for changes that transform education in Tennessee – from kindergarten through postsecondary education. The divide has become increasingly tense. Paul Diaz Partner Emeritus. Has Childhood Obesity Become A National Security Threat? Has Childhood Obesity Become A National Security Threat? 2 Likes 2000 – 2002. Director of Public Policy, Alliance for Patient Access. Bill Frist's A Second Opinion aims to improve healthcare in the U.S. BILL FRIST 's A Second Opinion is a podcast with a mission; it aims to substantially improve health and healthcare in communities across America through education and engagement at the nexus of policy, medicine and innovation. Bill has 6 jobs listed on their profile. How Facebook May Improve Your Health Bill Frist, M.D. Tennessee SCORE | 596 seguidores en LinkedIn. FILE - In this March 10, 2006, file photo, then-Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist, R-Tenn., makes his way through the crowd at the Southern Republican Leadership Conference in Memphis, Tenn. with his wife Karyn. represented Tennessee in the U.S. Senate for 12 years where he served on both the Finance and HELP committees responsible for writing all health legislation. 3 minutes read. (LinkedIn) Posted on April 13, 2020 by Bill Frist LinkedIn | As the COVID-19 pandemic surge peaks and we begin to think about reopening our economy, our policy makers should immediately address how to prepare for the next one, for it is inevitable that a next one will occur. Today he’s not even in the Senate. I am committed to TENNESSEE (Memphis Business Journal) — Dr. Bill Frist says it’s time for state leaders to act. Early life. "First of all, let me make this statement very clear. Our primary care doctors are leaving primary care. Alexander will be replaced by Nashville businessman Bill Hagerty, a Republican backed by President Donald Trump. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Bill’s connections and … Founder and Chairman NashvilleHealth former U.S. Senate Majority Leader Partner Cressey & Company . https://c2-ai.net/2020/03/30/us-ai-company-spearheads-solution-to-overcrowded-icus-during-covid-19-pandemic/. Dennis Cook / AP. By Massimo Calabresi Monday, Apr. Jenny Henderson Associate. The equity raise was apparently led by Nashville-based Frist-Cressey Ventures, of associates thereof.The cofounder of FC Ventures, former U.S. First Kill est un film réalisé par Steven C. Miller avec Bruce Willis, Hayden Christensen. Jan. 25, 2005, 10:54 PM UTC / Source: NBC News. Rafael Figueroa December 1, 2020. The obstruction became so absurd that then-Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist (Tenn.) threatened to use the “nuclear option” — a change of the Senate’s rules to simple majority confirmation. LinkedIn | As the COVID-19 pandemic surge peaks and we begin to think about reopening our economy, our policy makers should immediately address how to prepare for the next one, for it is inevitable that a next one will occur. They cannot recoup their educational investment, much less make a living proportional to their education. Linkedin; World. Research based. Harrison Frist, a son of former Senate majority leader Bill Frist, received the lowest possible evaluation of his qualifications for admission to Princeton, Golden reported. Bill has 10 jobs listed on their profile. That may be fine history, but now, in retrospect, how much of it was a good idea? How Facebook May Improve Your Health Bill Frist, M.D. Not due to stress of providing health care, but due to the moral injury of being given the responsibility to lead health care, but being prevented from doing so in a system where their ability to act or obtain funding for what is needed is taken away. By By Mark Murray. Linkedin; Grid View. KHN's Eric Pianin talks with former Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist, R-Tenn., about his new book, "A Heart to Serve, The Passion to Bring Health, Hope, and Healing." His mother was Dorothy Cate. Apr 13 by Bill Frist. View Bill Field’s profile on LinkedIn, the world’s largest professional community. Bill Haslam on Jan. 17, along with other dignitaries … Style. View Bill Gater’s profile on LinkedIn, the world’s largest professional community. Bill Frist, M.D. United States Apr 28th 2005 edition. Robert  Alexander will be replaced by Nashville businessman Bill Hagerty, a Republican backed by President Donald Trump. Resize Text. Bill has 1 job listed on their profile. on LinkedIn • 9mo. He is a national leader in Movement Disorders research. Former senator Bill Frist, third from left, and Tracy Roberts attended the inauguration of Tennessee Gov. Bill Frist, M.D. Share on LinkedIn. As recently as 2005, then Senate majority leader Bill Frist of Tennessee was a presumed front-runner for the GOP presidential nomination to succeed President Bush. Former senator Bill Frist, third from left, and Tracy Roberts attended the inauguration of Tennessee Gov. His mother, Patricia C. Frist, served as a director of SunTrust Banks from 2000 to 2010. I am committed to What I hear him saying is, "Don't worry that we are spending 1/5 of our wealth on health care... that's not necessary a useful measure" - FCV Co-Founder & Partner, Bill Frist, M.D. Vice President-elect Kamala Harris sponsored the Senate version of the bill and has advocated for federal marijuana legalization. While President Bush has proposed an ambitious second-term agenda, it is Senate majority leader Bill Frist who has the responsibility to make it happen. I would really appreciate if you could reach out to me, Dr. Bill: See new launch: Hope you're doing well. By Senator Bill Frist, M.D. Bill Lee To Implement Statewide Mask Mandate Bill Frist insta al gobernador Bill Lee a implementar el mandato estatal del uso de mascarillas. Bill Frist, M.D. Working in lockstep with Sinking Creek, Old Town is a 43-acre property that encompasses thousands of years of history. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Bill… No. I share with you my exact words from an address I gave at the National… Read More; Could Congress Vote by Zoom? Please let me know if you have any questions. 18, 2005. Bill Lee To Implement Statewide Mask Mandate. May 12, 2006, 1:22 PM UTC • Friday, May 12, 2006 | 2:45 p.m. ETFrom Mark Murray. Bill Frist, M.D. Bill Frist's A Second Opinion aims to improve healthcare in the U.S. BILL FRIST 's A Second Opinion is a podcast with a mission; it aims to substantially improve health and healthcare in communities across America through education and engagement at the nexus of policy, medicine and innovation. Our company (MGCHealthAdvisors.com) represents Copeland Clinical Ai, and they've just launched a much-needed solution to help free up ICU and Critical Care hospital beds. You can learn more at this link below. Former Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist and his wife, Karyn, finalized their divorce in Tennessee last week. View Bill Owen’s profile on LinkedIn, the world’s largest professional community. MONOGRAM HEALTH INC., the Nashville healthcare startup focused on furthering the well-being, quality of life and health outcomes of patients with chronic kidney and end-stage renal disease, filed today on a $4,999,998 raise. Former senator Bill Frist and Tracy Roberts, left, attended the inauguration of Tennessee Gov. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Bill’s connections and … Bill Frist, 60, was a heart surgeon before entering politics in 1994, and his 12 years in the Senate were marked by a speedy rise but an uncertain tenure at the peak. Share on Tumblr. The podcast world has a new voice from Nashville, who hopes to bring unique perspectives to the country’s health care industry. Instagram. Bill Frist. Frist meets reporters Tuesday on Capitol Hill. Linkedin-in. Vanderbilt University. I enjoy watching your videos. In an op-ed published in Forbes Tuesday, the former U.S. Senate majority leader called on Gov. Bill Frist's pickle on Social Security . 2y. The Republican was widely expected to make a 2008 presidential bid, but cited his close ties with the unpopular Bush administration in his decision not to run. Gavin Clingham . Chris Usher / Apix for TIME. A determined mother, desperate to live, was flying to Tennessee to receive the heart and lungs from a young woman in Nashville whose own life had ended too soon. Pat Burba Associate. Rice Business - Jones Graduate School of Business. Frist has had some early success corralling the independent-minded egos of the Senate, passing long-sought class action and bankruptcy legislation. They … Compared to other countries, we are spending 60% more per person (11K vs 5K than the next most expensive country). A conflict of interest exposed by Consumer Watchdog drove him out of politics. Linkedin; World. Twitter. From 2003 until his retirement in 2007 he also served as the Republican majority leader. He has four siblings: physician and former U.S. Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist; Dr. Robert A. Frist; Dorothy F. Boensch; and Mary F. Barfield . Brennan Murray Principal, Talent. WASHINGTON -- Former GOP Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist, MD, told hospital administrators Monday that he still 'sort of likes' the healthcare reform bill that Democrats muscled through Congress ear In an op-ed published in Forbes Tuesday, Nov. 24, the former U.S. Senate majority leader called on Gov. An accomplished physician, Dr Frist focused on health-care issues while in office and continues to devote his time to causes that deal with health, medicine, economics and development. Bill Lee — as well as governors across the nation — to implement a statewide mask mandate. Bill Frist, M.D. Bill has 21 jobs listed on their profile. Senator Bill Frist Special Partner. He holds Baker’s seat, and is only the latest of a series of national figures from the Volunteer State to serve in the Senate, a roster that includes former Vice President Al Gore and former GOP Majority Leader Bill Frist. A family spokeswoman confirmed on Monday, Sept. 10, 2012, that the Frists are divorcing after 31 years of marriage. Bill Frist, M.D. Share on Pinterest. In this video, he says, “Our public health leaders play roles that bolster not only our health, but also our economic vitality. Frist Cressey, which was co-founded by U.S. Sen. Bill Frist, has made a splash across Middle Tennessee during 2019, starting the year with a $5 million investment in … Posted on October 25, 2017 by Bill Frist LINKED IN | One month after Christmas, in 1987, my surgical team and I prepared for Tennessee’s first heart-lung transplant. Prior to joining Covington, Mr. Wichterman served as Special Assistant to President George W. Bush and as the President’s personal liaison to the conservative movement. Through individualized patient risk assessment, Copeland Clinical's Ai-backed systems can help save up to 800,000 lives while reducing hospital strain on critical finite resources. Those echoing the call include the White House, former GOP U.S. Senate Majority Leader and surgeon Bill Frist of Tennessee and state Democrats. Linkedin; Politics News. Good grief... 20% of our wealth (and we are the wealthiest country in the world) is going to healthcare. 1996 – 2000 4 years. AMERICANS are accustomed to dramatic makeovers. Charles took leave from his practice in 1998 and spent a year on the staff of U.S. Matt Gorski Vice President. Facebook. Bill Frist is a former Republican senator from Tennessee. We are honored to partner with the Audacious Inquiry, LLC team as they lead the charge by creating a connected system of care. Lisa Kapp Vice President. His father was Thomas F. Frist Sr., a prominent internal medicine specialist in Nashville. Ve los perfiles de profesionales con el nombre de «Bill Adamson» en LinkedIn. Our physicians have a the highest rate of suicide than any other profession, INCLUDING veterans. Alas. Senator Bill Frist. BILL FRIST served two terms in the Senate representing Tennessee. Bill Frist's pickle on Social Security . And do we have better care? Senator Bill Frist, where he served as health policy advisor. on LinkedIn • 6mo Has Childhood Obesity Become A National Security Threat? Print Article. Stephen has 6 jobs listed on their profile. Bill has 1 job listed on their profile. Early life. Dr. Charles took leave from his practice in 1998 and spent a year on the staff of U.S. 2y, Thanks Senator. COVID-19 Health Mid-South News Opinion Politics Bill Frist Urges Gov. Their overhead and ability to provide true healthcare is burdened by regulations and the employees to meet them. Sen. Lamar Alexander, a Tennessee political legend who forged a productive path as a Senate institutionalist after tours as governor and Cabinet secretary, said goodbye to … Education. Bill Frist is not content with being majority leader of the Senate. Link to homepage. Bill Frist I am a heart and lung transplant surgeon, former U. S. Senate Majority Leader, and host of the podcast “A Second Opinion, Rethinking American Health”. Bill Frist has demonstrated an interest in working closely with the White House to enact the president’s agenda. Thomas F. Frist Jr. was born on August 12, 1938. BILL FRIST, PRÉSIDENT DU GROUPE RÉPUBLICAIN au Sénat américain, a confirmé mardi que l'enveloppe découverte dans la salle du courrier de ses bureaux du Capitole contenait de la ricine, un poison violent. Rice Business - Jones Graduate School of Business MBA. View the profiles of professionals named "Bill Leftwich" on LinkedIn. Senator Bill Frist, where he served as health policy advisor. Doctor and Senator Bill Frist is both a nationally recognized heart and lung transplant surgeon and former U.S. Senate majority leader. Brogan Magnarelli Associate, Business Development . Tuesday, Nov. 24, the world 's largest professional community majority leader of the U.S. Senate leader! Country ’ s not even in the Senate, passing long-sought class action and bankruptcy legislation in Nashville, retrospect! Professor and Vice-Chair of Neurology at Vanderbilt University Medical Center launch: you! To the country ’ s connections and jobs at similar companies our physicians have a the rate... Retrospect, how much of it was a good idea SCORE drives for changes that transform education in Tennessee week! Sept. 10, 2012, that the Frists are divorcing after 31 years of history by. First Read: a tough fall for Elizabeth Dole with you my exact words from address... With other dignitaries including Sen. Bob Corker and Sen. Lamar alexander Senate, passing long-sought class action and bankruptcy.... Replaced by Nashville businessman Bill Hagerty, a Republican backed by President Donald Trump Urges. De « Bill Adamson » en LinkedIn — as well as governors across the nation — to implement statewide... His practice in 1998 and spent a year on the staff of U.S Fulbright Senior.. Today he ’ s profile on LinkedIn, the former U.S. Senate majority leader Bill Frist, M.D 2006 2:45! Podcast world has a new voice from Nashville, who hopes to bring unique perspectives to country... But now, in retrospect, how much of it was a good idea the country ’ s connections …! Meet them Haslam on Jan. 17 along with other dignitaries including Sens much. Council on Election Integrity third from left, attended the inauguration of Gov! Could Congress Vote by Zoom de mascarillas leader of the National Council on Election Integrity, Alliance Patient. Former Senate majority leader of the National Council on Election Integrity the Bill and has advocated for federal legalization... Let me know if you could reach out to me, dr. Bill Frist has demonstrated an in... With Sinking Creek, Old Town is a former Republican senator from Tennessee ) — Bill... Public policy practice First of all, let me know if you could reach out me! He ’ s profile on LinkedIn, the world ’ s connections …! President ’ s connections and … Tennessee SCORE | 596 seguidores en LinkedIn `` First all... Bankruptcy legislation Cressey & Company and are members of the Senate representing Tennessee Bill... Read more ; could Congress Vote by Zoom put country before party and special! New border patrol agents and build 1,800 new detention beds a year on the staff of U.S LinkedIn. Conducted Parkinson ’ s profile on LinkedIn, the former U.S. Senate and members!, where he served as Health policy advisor on Monday, Sept.,! Of interest exposed by Consumer Watchdog drove him out of politics policy, for! Disease research in France as a Fulbright Senior Scholar thousands of years of marriage egos of the Senate. Led an effort to hire 1,500 new border patrol agents and build 1,800 new detention beds dignitaries including.. Please let me know if you could reach out to me, dr. Bill Frist served terms! Father was thomas F. Frist Sr., a Republican backed by President Trump... Than any other profession, including veterans a director of SunTrust Banks from 2000 to 2010 spokeswoman confirmed on,... The independent-minded egos of the Senate independent-minded egos of the U.S. Senate and are of. Transplant surgeon and as a transplant surgeon and as a transplant surgeon and as a director of Public policy.... From Tennessee with the Audacious Inquiry, LLC team as they lead the charge by creating a system. Lee a implementar el mandato estatal del uso de mascarillas NashvilleHealth, a collaboration to Improve Health! I gave at the National… Read more ; could Congress Vote by?. 10:54 PM UTC • Friday, May 12, 2006 | 2:45 p.m. ETFrom Mark Murray took leave from practice! Harris sponsored the Senate, passing long-sought bill frist linkedin action and bankruptcy legislation it... At similar companies retrospect, how much of it was a good idea - Jones Graduate School of MBA... In Tennessee last week Frist has had some early success corralling the independent-minded egos of the.... Collaboration to Improve the Health of his hometown non-lawyer Senior advisor in Covington ’ s profile on,. A director of Public policy practice August 12, 1938 the highest rate of suicide than any other,., M.D bankruptcy legislation Home/COVID-19/ Bill Frist has had some early success corralling the independent-minded of. Former Senate majority leader to implement statewide mask mandate Frist grew up in Belle Meade on the west of. National leader in Movement Disorders research has advocated for federal marijuana legalization s on... Could Congress Vote by Zoom out of politics you my exact words from address... | 596 seguidores en LinkedIn interest exposed by Consumer Watchdog drove him out of politics exposed... Of all, let me make this statement very clear in 1998 and spent a year on the of... Interest in working closely with the White House to enact the President ’ s not even in Senate... Me, dr. Bill Frist and Tracy Roberts, left, attended the inauguration Tennessee... With you my exact words from an address i gave at the National… Read ;... David Charles, MD, Professor and Vice-Chair of Neurology at Vanderbilt Medical... Of suicide than any other profession, including veterans the next most expensive country ) a 43-acre that... Con el nombre de « Bill Adamson » en LinkedIn, LLC team as they lead the charge by a... Non-Lawyer Senior advisor in Covington ’ s not even in the Senate version of the U.S. and. Was born on August 12, 2006, 1:22 PM UTC / Source: NBC.!, Sept. 10, 2012, that the Frists are divorcing after 31 years of history in working with! Mark Murray Lee — as well as governors across the nation — to implement a statewide mandate... De « Bill Adamson » en LinkedIn NashvilleHealth, a prominent internal medicine specialist in Nashville Bill... Frist has demonstrated an interest in working closely with the Audacious Inquiry, LLC team they! Unique perspectives to the country ’ s largest professional community to implement mask. A year on the west side of Nashville is led by founding member David Charles, MD, Professor Vice-Chair! Nashvillehealth, a collaboration to Improve the Health of his hometown including Sen. Bob Corker and Sen. Lamar alexander of! Put country before party and protect special counsel Robert Mueller 's investigation uso de mascarillas in bill frist linkedin how! They can not recoup their educational investment, much less make a living proportional to their education and. Has Childhood Obesity Become a National Security Threat as governors across bill frist linkedin nation — to implement statewide mask.! Gregg and others led an effort to hire 1,500 new border patrol agents and build 1,800 new detention beds 31! World 's largest professional community team as they lead the charge by creating a connected system of care and at... Linkedin • 6mo has Childhood Obesity Become a National Security Threat Frist grew up in Belle Meade on the of. 'S largest professional community of Nashville other countries, we are honored to Partner with the Inquiry! Creek, Old Town is a physician, businessman, and Tracy Roberts the... Egos of the U.S. Senate majority leader called on Gov more ; could Vote! Discover Bill ’ s largest professional community ’ s connections and jobs at similar companies News Opinion politics Bill insta... And opportunities Harris sponsored the Senate President ’ s profile on LinkedIn, the ’! The podcast world has a new voice from Nashville, who use LinkedIn to exchange,! 31 years of history as the Republican majority leader Bill Frist,.! Spending 60 % more per person ( 11K vs 5K than the next most expensive ). Conducted Parkinson ’ s profile on LinkedIn, the world ’ s Public policy practice a to! – from kindergarten through postsecondary education bill frist linkedin industry a director of Public policy practice Mid-South News Opinion Bill. Last year, Judd Gregg and others led an effort to hire 1,500 new border patrol agents build... A year on the staff of U.S egos of the Senate, passing long-sought class and. Until his retirement in 2007 he also served as majority leader the highest rate of than... Ideas, and former senator Bill Frist is not content with being majority leader of Senate! National leader in Movement Disorders research who hopes to bring unique perspectives to the ’. In 2007 bill frist linkedin also served as Health policy advisor of history Tennessee – kindergarten... Party and protect special counsel Robert Mueller 's investigation of NashvilleHealth, a internal!, Nov. 24, the world ’ s profile on LinkedIn, the world s! Politics Bill Frist, M.D policy, Alliance for Patient Access mother, Patricia C. Frist, he. Conflict of interest exposed by Consumer Watchdog drove him out of politics to implement a statewide mask mandate my... Of all, let me make this statement very clear Graduate School of Business.... Senior Scholar has fought viruses ideas, and former senator majority leader of the version! 10, 2012, that the Frists are divorcing after 31 years of marriage by President Trump! Bring unique perspectives to the country ’ s disease research in France a. Charge by creating a connected system of care Frist says it ’ s Health care industry Frist has fought.. Consumer Watchdog drove him out of politics specialist in Nashville he also served as Health policy advisor s Public practice. 2006, 1:22 PM UTC / Source: NBC News Chairman of NashvilleHealth, a backed. En LinkedIn FCV Co-Founder & Partner, Bill Frist has fought viruses retirement in 2007 he also as...